Resumo em língua estrangeira
Urolithiasis is a common disease in guinea pigs, which is the presence of calculi in any segment of the urinary tract, usually found in the bladder and urethra, most of which are formed based on calcium. Clinical signs vary according to where they are located and the size of the stone, however, it is common for animals to have anorexia, hematuria, stranguria, pollakiuria, shrunken and hunched posture, in addition to vocalization when urinating. The diagnosis of this pathology should be based on clinical signs, physical examination, urinalysis, in addition to imaging tests such as ultrasound and radiography. The treatment of choice is surgery. Females, especially older ones aged over four years, are the most affected. The present work reports a clinical case of a guinea pig, female, 5 years old, clinically diagnosed with uroliths in the urinary bladder and kidney injury, the recommended treatment was surgery with cystotomy, antibiotic therapy and support. Such a report becomes important as there are few records in the literature about therapy in non-conventional pets, with their presence increasingly present in Brazilian homes.