Resumo em língua estrangeira
Brazil has the world's largest commercial cattle herd, with approximately 234.4 million head in 2022, and is one of the main exporters of beef. This scenario motivates the study of the three predominant cattle breeding systems: extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive, which can occur in pasture, confinement, or a combination of both. The intensive system, although generally associated with confinement, can also be applied to pasture and presents better productive results. However, this model requires high costs due to nutritional supplementation and pasture irrigation. On the other hand, the extensive and semi-intensive systems, although less efficient, are not ineffective, but require improvements to increase their competitiveness. The study highlights the need to optimize all systems to balance efficiency and economic viability, considering the strategic role of Brazilian cattle farming in the global market.